Terme	Définition
Fatty acyl-CoA	Activated form of a fatty acid before entering β-oxidation.
Acetyl-CoA	Two-carbon molecule produced by β-oxidation, entering the TCA cycle.
NADH	Electron carrier produced during catabolic reactions, used in the electron transport chain.
FADH2	Electron carrier produced during β-oxidation, used in ATP production.
Amino acid catabolism	Process of breaking down amino acids for energy and metabolic intermediates.
Transamination	Transfer of an amino group from an amino acid to a keto acid.
Aromatic compounds	Organic molecules containing stable ring structures, e.g., benzene derivatives.
Ring cleavage	Enzymatic process that opens aromatic rings for integration into central metabolism.
Central metabolism	Core metabolic pathways including glycolysis, TCA cycle, and fermentation.
Amphibolic pathways	Pathways that serve both catabolism and anabolism.

Catabolism of other organic compounds