Economics / Economie /الإقتصاد

Nowadays, economic relations on a national and international scale have become more complex. On the one hand, several economic actors are involved in production processes which have become more sophisticated. On the other hand, the distribution of income of economic agents is generated following a complicated system. In this context, State intervention in economic life is carried out through the implementation of regulations. In addition, the intervention of the State is observed by the interest of the levies and by all the expenses carried out. The complexity of economic relations therefore justifies a dependence between the situation of each individual and the entire economy as a whole. There was therefore the development of macroeconomics to simplify the relationships between economic agents and to reduce their complexity. Its goal is to study the functioning of the entire economy. It does not focus on the study of the behavior of a market or a group of individuals, but it studies the functioning of the economy as a whole through the dimensions of macroeconomics. These important quantities are called aggregates. Macroeconomics which measure the results generated by economic activity. We are talking, for example, about national income, national investment, overall savings, global consumption… The macroeconomic approach can facilitate the analysis of the components of the economy based on a reduced number of economic actors and markets. Such an approach studies market mechanisms and seeks to determine whether the mechanisms used are satisfactory or deficient. In the latter case, we emphasize the role of State intervention to resolve these problems. To ensure a more simplified presentation of reality, economists use economic models. In other words, these models provide a clearer representation of economic life based on hypotheses that subsequently make it possible to make the necessary recommendations in order to choose the most appropriate economic policy.