Licence 2 Langue Arabe et Civilisation Islamique
Rechercher des cours par Filière :
31/01/2021
Syllables
A/ a syllable is a unit of pronunciation forming a word or part of a word and containing one vowel sound and often consonant preceding or following this (oxford dictionary).
B\ a syllable is a minimum rhythmic unit of spoken language, cinsisting of a vowel or sustained consonant, often preceded or followed by unsustained consonant.
To find the number of syllables in a word, use the following steps:
1. Count the vowels in the word
2.subtract any silent vowels ,(like the silent e at the end of a word,or the second vowel when two vowels are together in a syllable).
3. Subtract one vowel from every diphthong(diphthogs only count as one vowel sound)
4.the number of vowels sounds left is the same as the number of syllbles.
The number of syllables that you hear when you pronounce a word is the same as the number of vowels sounds heard. For example:
The word came has 2vowels,but the "e" is silent.
The word outside has 4vowels, but the "e"is silent and the "ou" is a diphthong which counts as only one sound, so this word has only two vowel sounds and therefore,two syllables.
- Enseignant: SOUAD BOUNAB
31/01/2021
4th lesson
How to ask a question
Wh question:
Wh+auxiliary+subject+ verb ?
If the auxiliary exist qe don't change the tense of the verb.
If the auxiliary doesn't exist qe use thé infinitive of the verb.
Example:
The lion eats the meats ? (subject) (we replace the subject by "WH")
_what does the lion do ? (verb)
_what does the lion eat ? (Object)
Wh question words:
Who : subject person
Who prepares the lunch ?
His mother prepares lunch
What: sub (things\animal)
Verb
Object(things\animal)
Whom:object person
When: time(last,next,yesterday,tomorrow).
Where: place
Why: cause(reason)
Whose: possession
Whose+noun+aux+sub+verb ?
Ex : whose pen is it \the pen is mine
Which: choice
Which+noun+aux+subject+verb ?
Ex: which jacket did they take ? they took the blue jacket
How: manner
How often (always,usually,often,sometimes,never)
How long: period of time (duration)
How many:countable nouns (numbers)
Ex three students got a good mark
How many students got a good mark ?
How much: uncountable nouns( quantity)
Ex: how much sugar did he put in the cup ?
He put some sugar in the cup.
- Enseignant: SOUAD BOUNAB
- Enseignant: محمد زعراط
Licence 2 langues et civilisation islamique
3rd lesson:
Phonetics:
Final /s/
The final /s/ is pronounced in different ways, according the sound before:
_"s "is pronounced "s" after : p;t;k;f;th;ph
_"s"is pronounced "iz" after :s;z;c;x;ss;sh;ge
-"s" is pronounced "z" after :
*Vowels: goes
*Nasals sounds: cleans
*Voiced sounds drives
Ex : economics ,benefits /s/
Goods, individuals/z/
Advantages, taxes /iz/
The final /ed/
The final *ed* is pronounced in different ways,according the sound before:
/D/ is pronounced/t/ after p; k ;sh;ch;s;x
/d/ is pronounced /id/after t; d
/D/is pronounced/d/ after:
*Vowels:prayed
*Nasals sounds: cleaned
*Voice sounds: traveled
Ex:
Switched,developed /t/
Happened,supposed /d/
Responded, implanted /id/
- Enseignant: SOUAD BOUNAB
18/01/2021
Licence 2 langue et civilisation islamique
Second lesson
Essay writing:
How to write a paragraph?
You have no Choice of topic.you have to write on the prompt given in
Underneath the prompt is assignment / a statement that clarifies what you are supposed to do ?
I suggest that you write a few practice essays in witch you use one of the two formats given below. Find which one suits your style best and, as far
As possible, stick to it.
Format 1:the one example essay
Select one suitable illustrative example from your personal experience, or your reading, or knowledge of current affairs, history, science, etc...
And use this as the basis for discussion of the topic.
Format 2:introduction
try to create interest in the topic.the introduction can be general but must include a thesis statement to point the reader in the right direction.
Write the main body:
Organized into paragraphs
Describe the situation and cover about half the example here.
Finish the example
Explain what your example shows
Conclusion:
Show how the example leads to more general conclusion about the topic.
- Enseignant: SOUAD BOUNAB
17/01/2021
Licence2 langue et civilisation islamique
Hello , today is your first lesson in this year
Reading comprehension:
The test includes 33 reading sections :
Each section consists of 2 types of questions:
Sentence completions and reading comprehension.
They're designed to test your ability to reason using
Written word .the sentence completion questions are listed in ascending
Order of difficulty, but the reading comprehension questions are not.
Attempt the reading comprehension only after you have completed the sentence completions. As mentioned before,each question is worth the same number of points, whether it is long and hard or short and easy.
The critical reading sections are designed to test your ability to read and understand written English of the level you need to make the most of a university course. There are 2 types of questions:
*sentence completion أسئلة إكمال الجمل
*reading comprehension أسئلة اللهم
- Enseignant: SOUAD BOUNAB
- Enseignant: Farid Bouderbala
- Enseignant: فردوس حناني
- Enseignant: رياض امخلف
💞Reported Speech 💞
Reported Speech is when we tell someone what another person said.To do this ,we can use direct speech or indirect speech .
Direct speech:'I work in bank, ' said Daniel.
Indirect speech:'Daniel said that he worked in a bank.
In indirect speech, we often use a tense witch is 'further back'
In the past ex:worked than the tense originally used work. This is called backshift. We also my need to change other words that were used,for example pronouns.
Present simple, present continueous and present perfect
When we backshift, present simple changes to past simple
Present continuios changes to past continuous and present perfect changes to past perfect
Ex:I travel a lot in my job
Jamila said that she traveld a lot in her job
Past simple and past continuous
When we backshift,past simple usually changes to past perfect simple a d past continuous usually changes to past perfect continuous
Ex: we lived in China for 5 years
She told me they 'd lived in China for 5 years.
It was raining all day
He told me it had been raining all day
Past perfect :
The past perfect doesn't change
Ex:I'd tried everything without success, but this new medicine is great
He say he 'd tried everything without succces, but the new medicine was great
- Enseignant: SOUAD BOUNAB
Hi
How are you
Today's lesson is about ed'" adjectives and ing adjectives
We use adjectives ending in "ing" to describe things ,people,or other subjects.
Example
The lecture was very interesting. I learned a lot
I am describing the lecture .So ,I use the adjective ending in "ing"
My friend saw the ocean for the first time in his life. He told me that he loved the amazing view .
Amazing
تعني مدهش وهي صفة
This movie is so boring
I use the adjective boring to describe the noun
Movie is the noun
We use adjectives ending "in ","ed" when we went to describe our feelings about things, people, or other subjects.
Example
I went to a lecture last week about the history of irak. Now I am interested in learning more about that subject
Here I am not describing the lecture .instead, i am describing my feelings. So I use the adjective ending in "ed"
Example
I don't want to watch this film .I am so bored
I am using the adjective ending in "ed"to describe my feelings
Thinks so much !
Have a great day
- Enseignant: SOUAD BOUNAB
تتحدث هذه المحاضرة عن الكناية فتعرفها لغة واصطلاحا ، ثم تبين أقسامه وأنواعا
- Enseignant: الجيلالي سلطاني
تقدم هذه المحاضرة تعريفا للاستعارة ، وتقسيماتها المختلفة بالشرح والتحليل
- Enseignant: الجيلالي سلطاني
لا يمكننا الحديث عن للفكر السلامي دونما الاشارة الى الارهاصات التاريخية التي مهدت لنشاته و تطوره و دلك بالعودة الى مالمراكز العلمية التي اسهمت في تكوينه فقد اختلف رجال الفكر و الدين الى فعهد قريب حول مصداقية حقيقة و جود فكر اسلامي فالثقافة الاسلامية بالمفهوم التاريخي كانت ماسكة منظومة العلوم العقلية و النقلية فقد انتهت الريدة عند القدماء بظهور المتكلمين حيث سوف يتاسس فكر جديد عماده القل و المنطق
- Enseignant: محمد زعراط
اللف والنشر ، فن من الفنون البديعية لإي علم البيان ، ، اه تعريفه وأقسامه وأضربه
- Enseignant: الجيلالي سلطاني
يقدم الموضوع دراسة تطبيقية حول الطباق والمقابلة ، فيعرفهما ، وبين أنواعهما وأقسامهما ، ضارب الأمثلة من القرآن الكريم ومن الحديث النبوي الشريف ومن كلام العرب
- Enseignant: الجيلالي سلطاني
- Enseignant: فردوس حناني
- Enseignant: فردوس حناني